Abstract
The head and neck includes multiple structures which play a role in deglutition, swallowing, saliva production, and senses. Many of these structures are highly sensitive to various treatment modalities and their damage following therapy leads frequently to functional abnormalities such as xerostomia, dysphagia, aspiration, hearing loss, and others, reducing substantially the quality of life of survivors. The anatomy of these organs, their tolerance levels to therapy, and recent efforts to reduce their dysfunction are detailed in this chapter.